Key Terms

element

A matter that cannot be broken down into two or more pure substances.

compound

A pure substance that contains more than one element.

mixture

Any matter consisting of two or more substances physically combined in no particular proportion by mass.

Homogeneous

A mixture that has only one phase and that has uniform properties throughout. *solution

Heterogeneous

A mixture that has two or more phases with different properties.

Filtration

Used to separate a heterogeneous solid-liquid mixture.

Distillation

Used to resolve a homogeneous solid-liquid mixture. The liquid vaporizes, leaving a residue of the solid in the distilling flask.

Intensive

Not dependent on amount.

Ex) density

Extensive

Depend on amount.

Ex) mass, volume

Chemical Properties

The ability of a substance, either by itself or with other substances, to undergo a change into new substances.

Physical Properties

A property that can be specified without reference to another substance and that can be measured without causing a chemical change.

Ex) color, density, melting/ boiling point, solubility

Saturated

A solution that holds as much solute as it can at a given temperature.

Unsaturated

A solution that holds less solute then it can at a given temperature.

Supersaturated

A solution that holds more solute then it can at a given temperature.

Visible Light

400 nm—700 nm

<400 nm = ultraviolet range; >700 nm = infrared range